If a Pap test result is abnormal, it does not necessarily mean you have cervical cancer. It could indicate the presence of abnormal cells that may require further investigation. Follow-up tests may include a repeat Pap test, an HPV test, or a more detailed examination called a colposcopy. During a colposcopy, the healthcare provider will use a special magnifying instrument to closely examine the cervix and may take a biopsy of any suspicious areas.