The MLH1 and MSH2 genes encode proteins that form complexes with other MMR proteins to identify and repair mismatched bases in DNA. The MSH2 protein forms a heterodimer with either MSH6 or MSH3, recognizing and binding to mismatched DNA segments. Subsequently, MLH1 forms a complex with PMS2, initiating the repair process. This collaborative action ensures the fidelity of DNA replication, preventing the accumulation of mutations.
