Several mechanisms are employed to enhance targeting efficiency:
Monoclonal antibodies: These are engineered to bind specifically to cancer cell markers, facilitating targeted attack. Nanoparticles: These can deliver drugs directly to cancer cells by exploiting the unique environment of tumors. Targeted drug delivery: This utilizes ligands that bind to receptors overexpressed on cancer cells. Gene therapy: This involves altering the genetic makeup to target cancer cells selectively.
