mechanistic studies

What Role do Genetic Mutations Play in Cancer?

Genetic mutations are central to cancer development. Mutations in oncogenes can lead to uncontrolled cell growth, while mutations in tumor suppressor genes can result in the loss of cell cycle regulation. For example, mutations in the TP53 gene, which encodes the p53 protein, are found in more than half of all human cancers. The p53 protein normally acts as a "guardian of the genome," preventing the proliferation of cells with damaged DNA. When TP53 is mutated, this safeguard is lost, allowing for the accumulation of additional mutations and cancer progression.

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