Various models are employed in preclinical testing:
1. Cell Lines: Human cancer cell lines are utilized for initial screening. They provide a straightforward and cost-effective method to assess drug efficacy.
2. Animal Models: Mice, rats, and zebrafish are commonly used. These models help in understanding the drug's effects in a living organism and are essential for studying complex interactions within the body.
3. Patient-Derived Xenografts (PDX): These involve implanting human tumor tissues into immunocompromised mice. PDX models are valuable as they closely mimic human cancer biology and response to treatment.
