Traditional cancer cell lines have been instrumental in cancer research, but they come with limitations. Many existing models do not accurately capture the heterogeneity of tumors found in patients. They often lack the complex microenvironment and interactions present in human tissues, leading to models that may not fully predict how tumors behave in the human body. The HCMI seeks to overcome these limitations by developing models that better reflect the tumor heterogeneity and tumor microenvironment seen in real-world cases.