How Does It Work?
The procedure involves placing a catheter or applicator into the body cavity where the cancer is located. A radioactive source is then inserted into this catheter, delivering targeted radiation. The source remains in place for a specified duration before being removed. This method ensures that the radiation affects only the tumor, minimizing damage to surrounding healthy tissues.
What Are the Benefits?
One of the primary benefits of intracavitary brachytherapy is its precision. Because the radiation is delivered directly to the tumor, higher doses can be administered with fewer side effects. This localized approach also reduces the risk of damage to
healthy tissues and organs. Additionally, this treatment can often be completed in a shorter time than external beam radiation therapy.
Who Is a Candidate?
Candidates for intracavitary brachytherapy typically have cancers that are confined to a body cavity. It is most commonly used for gynecological cancers, such as
cervical cancer, but can also be effective for cancers of the rectum and bladder. The suitability of this treatment is determined by factors such as the type, size, and location of the tumor, as well as the patient’s overall health.
What to Expect During the Procedure?
The procedure usually begins with a planning session, where imaging techniques like
CT scans or
MRI are used to determine the exact location of the tumor. During the actual treatment, the applicator is inserted into the body cavity, and the radioactive source is placed inside it. The duration of the treatment can vary, ranging from a few minutes to several hours. Some treatments may require a hospital stay, while others can be done on an outpatient basis.
What Are the Side Effects?
Common side effects include discomfort or pain at the treatment site, fatigue, and localized swelling. However, these effects are usually temporary and less severe compared to external radiation therapy. Long-term side effects can include changes in the function of the treated organ, but these are relatively rare.
How Effective Is It?
Intracavitary brachytherapy is highly effective for certain types of cancers, particularly when used in combination with other treatments like
chemotherapy or
external beam radiation therapy. The success rate can vary based on the type and stage of cancer, but many patients experience significant tumor shrinkage and prolonged survival rates.
What Are the Risks?
While intracavitary brachytherapy is generally safe, it does carry some risks. These include potential damage to nearby organs and tissues, infection, and bleeding. However, these risks are minimized through careful planning and precise delivery of radiation.
Conclusion
Intracavitary brachytherapy offers a targeted, effective treatment option for certain types of cancer. Its ability to deliver high doses of radiation directly to the tumor, while sparing healthy tissues, makes it a valuable tool in the fight against cancer. Patients considering this treatment should discuss the potential benefits and risks with their healthcare provider to determine if it is the right option for them.
