PFTs typically include a variety of tests such as spirometry, plethysmography, diffusion capacity tests, and others. Spirometry measures the amount and speed of air a person can exhale, while plethysmography assesses lung volume. Diffusion capacity tests measure how well the lungs can transfer gas from inhaled air to the bloodstream. These tests require the patient to breathe into a mouthpiece connected to a machine, following specific instructions from a technician.
