Cancer biomarkers are specific molecules produced by cancer cells or normal cells in response to cancer. Biosensors detect these biomarkers through various mechanisms:
Antibody-Antigen Interactions: Many biosensors use antibodies that specifically bind to cancer antigens. This binding event triggers a measurable signal. Enzymatic Reactions: Some biosensors rely on enzymes that catalyze reactions with cancer biomarkers, producing a detectable signal. Nucleic Acid Hybridization: Biosensors can detect specific DNA or RNA sequences associated with cancer by hybridizing them with complementary nucleic acid probes.
