EVs have a significant role in cancer progression through various mechanisms:
1. Promoting Tumor Growth: Cancer cells release EVs that carry oncogenic signals, promoting cell proliferation and survival. 2. Angiogenesis: EVs can stimulate the formation of new blood vessels, ensuring a continuous supply of nutrients and oxygen to the tumor. 3. Metastasis: EVs prepare distant tissues for tumor cell colonization by altering the extracellular matrix and immune environment. 4. Immune Evasion: Cancer-derived EVs can suppress immune responses, allowing tumor cells to evade immune surveillance.
