TAMs can significantly influence tumor growth through various mechanisms. They can secrete cytokines and growth factors that promote cancer cell proliferation and survival. For instance, cytokines like IL-6 and IL-10 contribute to an immunosuppressive environment that favors tumor growth. Additionally, TAMs can enhance angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels, by releasing vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). This process provides the tumor with the necessary nutrients and oxygen, aiding in its growth and metastasis.
