Glutaminolysis supports tumor growth through several mechanisms:
Energy Production: The conversion of glutamine to α-ketoglutarate fuels the TCA cycle, generating ATP. Redox Balance: Glutamine-derived glutamate contributes to the synthesis of glutathione, a key antioxidant, helping cancer cells manage oxidative stress. Macromolecule Synthesis: Intermediates from glutaminolysis are used for the synthesis of nucleotides, fatty acids, and non-essential amino acids, supporting cell proliferation.
