Chronic GERD is typically diagnosed using a combination of endoscopy, pH monitoring, and esophageal manometry. An endoscopy allows doctors to visually inspect the esophagus for damage, while pH monitoring measures acid in the esophagus over a 24-hour period. Esophageal manometry assesses the function of the esophagus and its ability to move food to the stomach. Regular monitoring of Barrett's esophagus is essential to detect any dysplasia or early cancerous changes.
