In the context of cancer, TPO can have both beneficial and detrimental effects. Certain cancer treatments, such as chemotherapy and radiation, often lead to thrombocytopenia (a decreased platelet count), increasing the risk of bleeding complications. TPO and TPO-mimetics can be used therapeutically to mitigate this side effect by promoting platelet production. Conversely, some cancers, particularly those affecting the bone marrow such as leukemia and myeloproliferative disorders, can induce abnormal TPO levels. This can lead to either excessive platelet production, contributing to thrombotic events, or insufficient production, exacerbating bleeding risks.
