Metastasis, the spread of cancer cells from the primary tumor to distant sites, is a major challenge in cancer treatment. Understanding the mechanisms of metastasis remains a critical focus in research. Recent studies have highlighted the role of the tumor microenvironment and circulating tumor cells in metastasis. Despite these advances, challenges persist in identifying early markers of metastasis and developing therapies that effectively target metastatic cells. Addressing these challenges requires a multidisciplinary approach, integrating insights from cell biology, immunology, and bioinformatics.
