Despite its potential, targeting PKM2 in cancer therapy presents several challenges. One major issue is the dual role of PKM2 in glycolysis and gene regulation. PKM2 can translocate to the nucleus and act as a coactivator for hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1α), promoting the expression of genes involved in cancer progression. Therefore, therapeutic strategies must carefully consider the pleiotropic effects of PKM2 inhibition.
