What Role Do Proto-Oncogenes Play in Cancer Development?
Proto-oncogenes are involved in pathways that regulate cell proliferation and survival. When these genes are altered and become oncogenes, they can drive the uncontrolled cell growth characteristic of cancer. They can promote the loss of normal growth control mechanisms, leading to the formation of tumors. Oncogenes can affect various cellular processes, including:
Cell Cycle: Oncogenes can enhance progression through the cell cycle, leading to increased cell division. Apoptosis: Oncogenes can inhibit programmed cell death, allowing abnormal cells to survive and proliferate. Growth Factor Signaling: Oncogenes can enhance responsiveness to growth factors, increasing cellular proliferation.
