Several advanced techniques are used in genomic research, including:
Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS): Allows for rapid sequencing of entire genomes or specific regions, providing detailed information about genetic mutations and alterations. Microarray Analysis: Used to measure the expression levels of thousands of genes simultaneously, identifying genes that are upregulated or downregulated in cancer cells. CRISPR-Cas9: A gene-editing tool that enables researchers to modify specific genes and study their effects on cancer development and progression. Whole Exome Sequencing (WES): Focuses on sequencing the protein-coding regions of the genome, which are often the sites of disease-causing mutations. RNA Sequencing (RNA-Seq): Provides insights into gene expression and the identification of novel transcripts and fusion genes in cancer cells.
