The creation of PBMC humanized mice involves several steps. Firstly, immunodeficient mouse strains, such as NSG or NOG mice, are selected due to their lack of functional T, B, and NK cells. Next, human PBMCs are isolated from donor blood samples and then injected into the mice, usually via the tail vein. Following engraftment, the human immune cells proliferate and migrate throughout the mouse's body, establishing a functional human immune system within a few weeks.
