Smac mimetics function by binding to IAPs and neutralizing their activity. IAPs, such as XIAP, cIAP1, and cIAP2, block the caspases that execute apoptosis. By antagonizing these proteins, Smac mimetics facilitate the activation of caspases, leading to cell death. This mechanism is particularly effective in inducing apoptosis in cancer cells, which often overexpress IAPs to avoid death.
