Sample Preparation: Cells or tissue samples are prepared and fixed on a microscope slide. Probe Hybridization: Fluorescently labeled DNA probes are applied to the sample and allowed to hybridize to their complementary DNA sequences. Washing: Excess probes are washed away, leaving only the probes that have bound to their target sequences. Visualization: The sample is examined under a fluorescence microscope, and the fluorescent signals are analyzed to identify genetic abnormalities.
