What are the Mechanisms of 2-Hydroxyglutarate in Cancer Progression?
D-2HG acts as a competitive inhibitor of several α-ketoglutarate-dependent enzymes, including histone demethylases and the TET family of DNA demethylases. This inhibition leads to hypermethylation of histones and DNA, resulting in altered gene expression and impaired cellular differentiation. The accumulation of D-2HG thus contributes to the development and progression of cancer by maintaining the cells in an undifferentiated, proliferative state.
