MDM2 itself is tightly regulated at multiple levels, including transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and post-translational modifications. Key regulatory elements include the p53-MDM2 feedback loop, where p53 can activate the transcription of MDM2, which in turn inhibits p53. Additionally, post-translational modifications such as phosphorylation, acetylation, and ubiquitination can modulate MDM2's activity and stability. Furthermore, microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs have also been implicated in the regulation of MDM2 expression and function.
