Several factors can cause signal interference in cancer, including:
1. Genetic Mutations: Mutations in genes encoding signaling proteins can result in constitutive activation or inhibition of signaling pathways. For example, mutations in the RAS gene can lead to continuous cell proliferation. 2. Overexpression of Receptors: Overexpression of growth factor receptors like HER2/neu can lead to enhanced signaling and tumor growth. 3. Epigenetic Changes: Epigenetic modifications such as DNA methylation and histone acetylation can alter the expression of signaling molecules. 4. Environmental Factors: External factors like radiation, chemicals, and viruses can also disrupt normal signaling pathways.
