Which Signaling Pathways Are Commonly Affected in Cancer?
Several signaling pathways are frequently disrupted in cancer, including:
1. PI3K/AKT/mTOR Pathway: This pathway is involved in cell growth and survival. Mutations in PIK3CA or loss of PTEN can lead to its hyperactivation. 2. MAPK/ERK Pathway: Important for cell division and differentiation, mutations in RAS or RAF can result in continuous activation of this pathway. 3. Wnt/β-catenin Pathway: Critical for cell proliferation and migration, mutations in APC or β-catenin can lead to its dysregulation. 4. Notch Pathway: This pathway influences cell fate decisions. Abnormal Notch signaling is implicated in various cancers, including leukemia and breast cancer.
