Immunotherapies are treatments designed to enhance the body's immune response against cancer. There are several types of immunotherapies: - Checkpoint Inhibitors: These drugs block immune checkpoints, such as PD-1/PD-L1 and CTLA-4, restoring T cell activity against cancer cells. - CAR-T Cell Therapy: This involves engineering a patient's T cells to express chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) that specifically target cancer cells. - Cancer Vaccines: These vaccines aim to stimulate the immune system to recognize and attack cancer-specific antigens. - Cytokine Therapy: The use of cytokines, like interleukin-2 (IL-2) and interferon-alpha (IFN-α), to boost the immune response.
