What are the mechanisms of MDSC recruitment to tumors?
MDSCs are recruited to the tumor microenvironment through various signaling pathways and chemokines. Key molecules involved in this process include CCL2, CXCL12, and VEGF. These molecules are often overexpressed in tumors and attract MDSCs via receptors like CCR2 and CXCR4. Additionally, growth factors and pro-inflammatory cytokines such as GM-CSF and IL-6 also promote the expansion and recruitment of MDSCs.
