While targeting hypoxia is an attractive strategy, it presents several challenges. The heterogeneous nature of tumors means that hypoxia can vary significantly within the same tumor and between different patients, complicating treatment strategies. Additionally, the adaptation mechanisms employed by cancer cells in response to hypoxia can be complex and multifaceted, making it difficult to identify effective targets. The development of biomarkers to accurately assess hypoxia levels in tumors is also an ongoing challenge, yet crucial for the effective application of hypoxia-targeted therapies.
